Computer Fundamentals

Topics:

1. What is Data?

2. What is Information?

3. Difference between Data and Information?

4. What is data processing system?

5. What is Manual data processing system?

6. Characteristics of manual data processing systems

7. What is Automated or Computer-based data processing system?

8. Characteristics or Advantages of automated systems

9. Difference between Manual Data Processing System and Automated Data Processing System?

10. What is Computer?

11. Basic functions or operations of a computer

12. Features or Characteristics of computer

13. History or evolution of computer

14. The computer Generation

15. A simplest computer system

16. An expanded computer system

17. Computer Organization or system

18. Basic Computer Organization with details

19. Computer Bus Architecture

20. Computer System Bus Architecture

21. Computer Expansion Bus Architecture

22. Type of Computer

23. Type of Computer Based On Purpose

24. Difference between General-purpose Computer and Special-purpose Computer

25. Types of Computer Based On Working Principal: Analog, Digital and Hybrid Computer

26. Difference between Analog Computer and Digital Computer

27. Types of Computers Based on Capacity: Macrocomputer, Minicomputer, Mainframe Computer and Supercomputer

28. Types of Microcomputer: Desktop, Laptop, Workstation and Handheld

29. Number System

30. Base of a number system

31. Types of Number System: Non-Positional and Positional

32. Types of number systems (positional) with Base and Symbols

33. Binary Number System

34. Octal Number System

35. Hexadecimal Number System

36. Reasons for use of Binary system in the design of Computer

37. Complement

38. 1’s Complement

39. 2’s complement

40. Code

41. ASCII Code

42. EBCDIC Code

43. BCD Code

44. Unicode Code

45. Difference between Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) and Binary Number System

46. Parity Bit, Parity Check and Variants of Parity Bit: Even Parity bit & Odd Parity bit

47. Types of hardware/ components of computer

48. Input Device

49. Keyboard

50. Terminals and Types: DUMB, SMART & INTELLIGENT

51. Mouse

52. Touchscreen

53. Barcode reader

54. Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

55. Optical Character Reader (OCR)

56. Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR)

57. Scanner

58. Digital Camera

59. Output Device

60. Plotter

61. Speaker & Headphones

62. Printer

63. Impact printer: Character Printer, Line Printer

64. Daisy Wheel Printer

65. Dot Matrix Printer

66. Drum Printer

67. Laser Printer: Working principles, Advantage and Disadvantage

68. Inkjet Printer

69. Difference between Impact printer and Non-impact printer

70. Monitor

71. CRT Monitor & Features of CRT Monitor

72. LCD Monitor & The advantages of LCD Monitor

73. Computer Software: 1. System Software, 2. Application software

74. Operating system & Its Function

75. Classify operating system based on command

76. Main features of Text/ Command line interface OS

77. Main features of Graphical User Interface OS

78. Difference between Text-Based OS & Graphic Based OS

79. Different types of OS based on memory capacity, number of user, working principles and other features

80. Batch Processing OS

81. Multi-Processing OS

82. Multi-programming OS

83. Time Sharing OS

84. Real Time OS

85. Difference between Multi-programming OS and Multiprocessing OS

86. Difference between Batch Processing OS and Multi-programming OS

87. Difference between Multi-programming OS and Time sharing OS

88. Memory

89. Classification of computer memory: Primary Memory & Secondary Memory

90. Random Access Memory (RAM)

91. Read Only Memory (ROM)

92. Feature/ characteristics of Primary Memory

93. Feature/ characteristics of Secondary Memory

94. Difference between Primary Memory and Secondary Memory

95. Different types of RAM: Static RAM, Dynamic RAM

96. Different types of ROM: MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM

97. Difference between RAM and ROM

98. Difference between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM

99. Difference between EPROM and EEPROM

100. Cache Memory

101. Virtual Memory

102. Program Development Steps

103. What is an algorithm?

104. Characteristic of Algorithm

105. Flowchart

106. Standard Flowchart Symbols

107. Usefulness of Drawing Flowchart