Characteristic of Algorithm

Characteristic of Algorithm: 

1. It must be finite
2. It must be unambiguous
3. It must have zero or more inputs
4. It must have one or more outputs
5. It must be executable

What is an algorithm?

Algorithm: 

An algorithm is the sequence of steps taken to solve a problem.
An algorithm is a procedure or formula for solving a problem, based on conducting a sequence of specified actions. A computer program can be viewed as an elaborate algorithm. In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm usually means a small procedure that solves a recurrent problem.

Program Development Steps

Program Development Steps:

A computer is a set of formal instructions, which the computer executes in order to carry out some designated task. There are six basic steps in the development of a program: 

1. Define the Problem: This step involves the careful reading and re-reading of the problem until the programmer understands completely what is required.
2. Analysis: Once the problem has been defined, the programmer may decide to break the problem up into smaller tasks or steps, and several solutions me be considered. The solution outline often takes the shape of a hierarchy or structure chart.
3. Design: Using the solution outline developed in step 2, the programmer then expends this into an algorithm that describe exactly the tasks to be performed and the order in which they are to be carried out.

Virtual Memory

Virtual Memory: 

The portion of secondary memory that execution of a program is called virtual memory.
If space needed for the program a portion of secondary memory automatically converted as a primary memory and it get backs to the secondary memory as soon as the execution of the program is finished. This is how a virtual memory works. So, this can say, virtual memory is technique for storing program or data in a secondary memory and making them appear to be in primary memory by swapping pages of segment in and out of primary memory when needed.

Cache Memory

Cache Memory: 

Cache memory is extremely fast memory that is built into a computer’s CPU or located next to in on a separate chip. The CPU uses cache memory to store instructions that are repeatedly required to run programs, improving overall system speed. The advantage of cache memory is that the CPU does not have to use the motherboard’s system bus for data transfer. Whenever data must be passed through the system bus the transfer speed slows to the motherboard’s capability. The CPU can process data much faster by avoiding the bottleneck created by the system bus.